Population 1,421,335 (July 1998 est.)

Age structure
0-14 years: 19% (male 136,278; female 131,480)
15-64 years: 67% (male 456,796; female 492,946)
65 years and over: 14% (male 66,261; female 137,574) (July 1998 est.)

Population growth rate -0.99% (1998 est.)

Birth rate 9.04 births/1,000 population (1998 est.)

Death rate 14.15 deaths/1,000 population (1998 est.)

Net migration rate -4.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1998 est.)

Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female (1998 est.)

Infant mortality rate 13.98 deaths/1,000 live births (1998 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
total population: 68.52 years
male: 62.5 years
female: 74.83 years (1998 est.)

Total fertility rate 1.29 children born/woman (1998 est.)

Nationality
noun: Estonian(s)
adjective: Estonian

Ethnic groups Estonian 64.2%, Russian 28.7%, Ukrainian 2.7%, Byelorussian 1.5%, Finn 1%, other 1.9% (1995)

Religions Evangelical Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Estonian Orthodox, others include Baptist, Methodist, 7th Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Word of Life, 7th Day Baptist, Judaism

Languages Estonian (official), Russian, Ukrainian, other

Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100% (1989 est.)

NOTE: The information regarding Estonia on this page is re-published from the 1998 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Estonia People 1998 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Estonia People 1998 should be addressed to the CIA.