Location Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

Geographic coordinates 5 00 S, 120 00 E

Map references Southeast Asia

Area
total: 1,919,440 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km
land: 1,826,440 sq km

Area - comparative slightly less than three times the size of Texas

Land boundaries
total: 2,830 km
border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km

Coastline 54,716 km

Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM

Climate tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Terrain mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains

Elevation extremes
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m

Natural resources petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver

Land use
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 7%
other: 83% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land 48,150 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires

Environment - current issues deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires

Environment - international agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation

Geography - note archipelago of 17,000 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean

NOTE: The information regarding Indonesia on this page is re-published from the 2002 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Indonesia Geography 2002 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Indonesia Geography 2002 should be addressed to the CIA.